Contents
Types of radio programmes
News bulletins
Newsreels
Documentaries/radio features
Radio plays
Radio talks
Music programmes
Movie trailers
Quizzes
Bibliography
Radio programmes may be classified into two broad groups:
1) Spoken word programmes, which include news bulletins, talks, discussions, interviews, educational programmes for schools and colleges, specific audience programmes directed at women, children, rural and urban listeners, drama, radio features and documentaries.
2) Music programmes which include disc jockey programmes, ‘countdown’ shows musical performances of all types and variety programmes called ‘magazine’ programmes. News Bulletins
News bulletins are put out by AIR almost every hour of the day in English and the various regional languages. The major bulletins are of 15 minutes’ duration, while others are of only five minutes’ duration. They present summaries of news stories in order of importance and interest-value. National and international happenings get pride of the place, while regional and local news is read out if time permits. Human interest stories and sports news generally round off the major bulletins. AIR’s news bulletins are much too formal in language, structure and presentation, suitable for a lecture than a talk across the table which news reading really is. Newsreels
Newsreels, generally of 15 minutes ‘duration, present ‘spot’ reports, comments, interviews, and extracts from speeches. A much more complex and expensive format than the news bulletin, it calls for skilled tape editing and well-written link narrations. Documentaries or Radio features
Documentaries or radio features are usually factual, informational in character and sometimes educational in intent. They bring together the techniques of talks and drama to tell the story of events, past or present or those likely to happen in the future. They may sketch the biography of a great leader, or merely offer an interpretation of the world around us, or teach us about peoples and cultures unfamiliar to us, or even inquire into social, political, economic or cultural problems. Indeed, any subject of interest is grist to the mill of a feature writer.
The uses of a narrator interspersed with voices of real people, actors and of appropriate background effects and music bring a documentary/feature to throbbing life. In Fielden’s words, ‘a feature programme is a method of employing all available methods and tricks of broadcasting to convey
information or entertainment in a palatable form’. Radio Plays
Radio drama is a story told through sound alone. The sound is of course that of dialogue and voices of people, background or mood effects, atmospheric effects and the like.
Radio drama, like stage drama is based on conflict, uses characters and has a beginning, middle and an end. Movement and progress, generally to a crisis or climax, must be suggested in radio drama through sounds. The voices of characters must be sufficiently distinguishable, one from the other, lest the listener gets confused. They must sound natural, speak true to character and above all, be interesting.
Radio listeners would be confused by the presence of more than three to four characters. In fact, the shorter the drama (the average duration is 30 to 60 minutes) the fewer should be the major characters. In the early years of Indian broadcasting, the radio play took on the characteristics of the theatre as it existed on the stage in a particular region. Radio plays were broadcast then for three hours at a time. In Bombay, Parsi, Gujarati and Urdu plays were frequently put on the air: in Madras, mythological playa proved very popular. It was Fieden who introduced the present norm of the 30-minute radio play on AIR. Radio talks
Radio talks are not public speeches; rather they are chats with a friend who does not see you, but is nevertheless close and attentive to you. Radio talks should give the impression to a listener that the speaker is addressing him or her alone in an informal manner.
The words of a radio talk need to be kept simple and familiar, yet descriptive and powerful, and the sentences should short and without dependent clauses and
awkward inversions. Care should be taken to keep close to the rhythm of ordinary speech when writing the talk, and also when recording it. Radio talks have no definite structure. All that the listener expects from them is that they should be interesting and informative. Music programmes
Music programmes enjoy much greater popularity than talk shows, as is evident from the popularity of Vividh Bharati programmes. We enjoy music for its rhythm, melodies and harmonies and above all for the relaxation it provides. Like any talk show, a music programme must have unity and form. Disc jockey (DJ) programmes of “pop’ or ‘disco’, therefore should not be mixed up with classical or light classical music. Variety is the keynote to any programme; the different items should be linked together with interesting comments, announcements and narration. Movie trailers
Vividh Bharati’s movie trailers are sponsored programmes usually of 15-30 minutes’ duration. They are fast-paced, and packed with extracts of dialogues and songs from the film being advertised. The narrator links the elements with dramatic appeals and announcements. The names of stars, of the producer, director, playback singers and muscicians figure prominently in the trailers. Quizzes
Largely studio-based and inexpensive to produce, the quiz show is easily one of the most popular programmes for the family. It’s the sense of participation and involvement in the quiz questions that makes programme very enjoyable family fare.
Bibliography
Mass communication in India by Keval J. Kumar
www.google.com
wikipedia
Types of radio programmes
News bulletins
Newsreels
Documentaries/radio features
Radio plays
Radio talks
Music programmes
Movie trailers
Quizzes
Bibliography
Radio programmes may be classified into two broad groups:
1) Spoken word programmes, which include news bulletins, talks, discussions, interviews, educational programmes for schools and colleges, specific audience programmes directed at women, children, rural and urban listeners, drama, radio features and documentaries.
2) Music programmes which include disc jockey programmes, ‘countdown’ shows musical performances of all types and variety programmes called ‘magazine’ programmes. News Bulletins
News bulletins are put out by AIR almost every hour of the day in English and the various regional languages. The major bulletins are of 15 minutes’ duration, while others are of only five minutes’ duration. They present summaries of news stories in order of importance and interest-value. National and international happenings get pride of the place, while regional and local news is read out if time permits. Human interest stories and sports news generally round off the major bulletins. AIR’s news bulletins are much too formal in language, structure and presentation, suitable for a lecture than a talk across the table which news reading really is. Newsreels
Newsreels, generally of 15 minutes ‘duration, present ‘spot’ reports, comments, interviews, and extracts from speeches. A much more complex and expensive format than the news bulletin, it calls for skilled tape editing and well-written link narrations. Documentaries or Radio features
Documentaries or radio features are usually factual, informational in character and sometimes educational in intent. They bring together the techniques of talks and drama to tell the story of events, past or present or those likely to happen in the future. They may sketch the biography of a great leader, or merely offer an interpretation of the world around us, or teach us about peoples and cultures unfamiliar to us, or even inquire into social, political, economic or cultural problems. Indeed, any subject of interest is grist to the mill of a feature writer.
The uses of a narrator interspersed with voices of real people, actors and of appropriate background effects and music bring a documentary/feature to throbbing life. In Fielden’s words, ‘a feature programme is a method of employing all available methods and tricks of broadcasting to convey
information or entertainment in a palatable form’. Radio Plays
Radio drama is a story told through sound alone. The sound is of course that of dialogue and voices of people, background or mood effects, atmospheric effects and the like.
Radio drama, like stage drama is based on conflict, uses characters and has a beginning, middle and an end. Movement and progress, generally to a crisis or climax, must be suggested in radio drama through sounds. The voices of characters must be sufficiently distinguishable, one from the other, lest the listener gets confused. They must sound natural, speak true to character and above all, be interesting.
Radio listeners would be confused by the presence of more than three to four characters. In fact, the shorter the drama (the average duration is 30 to 60 minutes) the fewer should be the major characters. In the early years of Indian broadcasting, the radio play took on the characteristics of the theatre as it existed on the stage in a particular region. Radio plays were broadcast then for three hours at a time. In Bombay, Parsi, Gujarati and Urdu plays were frequently put on the air: in Madras, mythological playa proved very popular. It was Fieden who introduced the present norm of the 30-minute radio play on AIR. Radio talks
Radio talks are not public speeches; rather they are chats with a friend who does not see you, but is nevertheless close and attentive to you. Radio talks should give the impression to a listener that the speaker is addressing him or her alone in an informal manner.
The words of a radio talk need to be kept simple and familiar, yet descriptive and powerful, and the sentences should short and without dependent clauses and
awkward inversions. Care should be taken to keep close to the rhythm of ordinary speech when writing the talk, and also when recording it. Radio talks have no definite structure. All that the listener expects from them is that they should be interesting and informative. Music programmes
Music programmes enjoy much greater popularity than talk shows, as is evident from the popularity of Vividh Bharati programmes. We enjoy music for its rhythm, melodies and harmonies and above all for the relaxation it provides. Like any talk show, a music programme must have unity and form. Disc jockey (DJ) programmes of “pop’ or ‘disco’, therefore should not be mixed up with classical or light classical music. Variety is the keynote to any programme; the different items should be linked together with interesting comments, announcements and narration. Movie trailers
Vividh Bharati’s movie trailers are sponsored programmes usually of 15-30 minutes’ duration. They are fast-paced, and packed with extracts of dialogues and songs from the film being advertised. The narrator links the elements with dramatic appeals and announcements. The names of stars, of the producer, director, playback singers and muscicians figure prominently in the trailers. Quizzes
Largely studio-based and inexpensive to produce, the quiz show is easily one of the most popular programmes for the family. It’s the sense of participation and involvement in the quiz questions that makes programme very enjoyable family fare.
Bibliography
Mass communication in India by Keval J. Kumar
www.google.com
wikipedia
wow
ReplyDeletethis is interesting
I like this context... Amazing
ReplyDeleteSo explicit....bravo
ReplyDeleteIt's educating
ReplyDelete